Geophysics

Seismogenic zone locking in Central America (2008)

Seismogenic zone locking in Central America (2008)

Seismogenic zone locking in Central America: Comparison of GPS-determined locking on the plate interface, well-located plate interface earthquakes (circles) recorded during our seismic network deployment, and rupture areas of past large earthquakes. Squares and dashed lines show original epicenter and rupture area, respectively, stars and solid lines show relocations, relative to better located 1990 event (black star). Offshore locked patch is up-dip of seismicity, and is less than rupture area of past large events.

Red Sea Ancillary Site activity map (2008)

Red Sea Ancillary Site activity map (2008)

MARGINS Red Sea Ancillary Site activity map showing instrument and profile line locations. Sources: GPS derived station velocities and existing and planned GPS station locations – Modified from Reilinger et. al., 2006. Saudi Arabia seismic stations and structural features - Preliminary report on tomographic imaging of the Arabian Peninsula by Park, Nyblade, Rodgers and Al-Amri, 2005. Also see Reilinger et al articles in MARGINS newsletters (#17 pages 8-9, 16-17).
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Year: 2008
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PNG CHIRP clinothem profile (2008)

PNG CHIRP clinothem profile (2008)

CHIRP sub-bottom profiles showing two clinothems in the Gulf of Papua. (Top) The older clinothem consists of oblique clinoforms mantled by flat-lying strata above a flooding surface. Above a significant erosional unconformity lies the modern clinothem, here represented by seaward dipping reflectors. (Bottom) Location map. See also the MARGINS 2008 Decadal Review research nugget.
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Year: 2008
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SEIZE NanTroSEIZE 3-D seismic volume (2007)

SEIZE NanTroSEIZE 3-D seismic volume (2007)

NanTroSEIZE 3D seismic data volume showing the location of the megasplay fault (shown in black line) and its relationship to older in-sequence thrusts of the frontal accretionary prism (shown in blue lines). Note steep seafloor topography and numerous slumps above the splay fault.
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Year: 2007
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Media Type: Illustration
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Feature: NankaiTrough
Investigator: Gregory Moore
Expedition: Nankai:Moore
Chief Scientist: Gregory Moore
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RCL Gulf of California receiver function model (2008)

RCL Gulf of California receiver function model (2008)

Large-scale model for the Gulf of California Region based on receiver functions and surface wave inversions. The triangles are the NARS-Baja stations and the green circles are locations of receiver functions. The depth panels in the right panel show the shear-wave velocity along transects denoted by the lines on the map. The southernmost E-W panels shows the sharp athenosphere anomaly associated with the spreading center, while the northernmost panel shows a diffuse athenosphere upwelling.

RCL PESCADOR crustal profiles (2008)

RCL PESCADOR crustal profiles (2008)

Map of the PESCADOR experiment layout and crustal profiles in the Gulf of California. Small white and red dots are ocean-bottom and land seismometer locations of the PESCADOR experiment; larger white and blue dots are instrument locations of the CORTES-P96 (Gonzalez-Fernandez et al., 2005) experiment; and yellow stars indicate the geologic constraints on northern gulf spreading (Oskin et al., 2001). Approximate boundary of the post 14-Ma Gulf Extensional Province (GEP) is indicated by the bold dashed line.

RCL Gulf of California phase velocities (2008)

RCL Gulf of California phase velocities (2008)

Phase velocity anomalies of Rayleigh waves in four period ranges in the vicinity of the Gulf of California and Baja California. Each period range is most sensitive to shear velocity in the depth range indicated in the upper right corner of the figures. Location of seismometers indicated by red dots (NARS-Baja, RESBAN and Calnet stations). Current plate boundary in red lines, fossil boundaries in grey. Image from the MARGINS 2008 Decadal Review research nugget.

RCL Extension of continental lithosphere (2008)

RCL Extension of continental lithosphere (2008)

Schematic of two possible ways to extend normal thickness continental lithosphere. Note the large difference in the yield stress, the stress difference needed to get extensional separation of two lithospheric blocks (a) without and (b) with magmatic intrusion. From Buck (2006).
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Year: 2008
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Media Type: Illustration
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Investigator: Roger Buck
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RCL PESCADOR seismic structure (2008)

RCL PESCADOR seismic structure (2008)

The southern end of the Gulf of California. Transect 5PE with ocean-bottom and land seismometer locations indicated as red dots. (lower left) Migrated multi-channel seismic (MCS) data from the northernmost Middle America Trench showing an active deformation front and a bottom-simulating reflector within the nascent accretionary prism. (right) Migrated MCS data with enlargements showing deformation and prominent unconformity associated with the transition from extension to compression and subduction.